Jakie są objawy nowotworu jelita cienkiego?

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Rokowania pacjentów, ze względu na zbyt późne wykrycie, nie są zbyt optymistyczne. Pięcioletnie przeżycie waha się od 25 do 40 procent. Najwięcej zachorowań występuje w Ameryce Północnej i Europie Zachodniej.

Funkcje jelita cienkiego

Jelito cienkie to najdłuższy element układu pokarmowego. Sama jego długość waha się od 4 do 6m. Jelito cienkie dzieli się na dwunastnicę, jelito czcze i jelito kręte. Pełni niezwykle istotną funkcję w organizmie, jak trawienie oraz wchłanianie składników odżywczych. Bierze udział w wytwarzaniu soku trawiennego

Złośliwe typy nowotworów jelita cienkiego:

• gruczołowy rak jelita cienkiego,
• rakowiak,
• chłoniak,
• mięsak.

Rak jelita cienkiego – objawy

Niestety, przez długi czas rak ten nie daje objawów, rozpoznawany jest często przypadkowo. Jeśli pojawią się symptomy, bywają niespecyficzne, co opóźnia prawidłową diagnozę. Są to: 

• bóle brzucha po spożyciu posiłku,
• napadowe bóle brzucha,
• jawne lub utajone krwawienia do przewodu pokarmowego,
• utrata wagi,
• guz w jamie brzusznej,
• nudności,
• wzdęcia,
• uczucie zmęczenia.

Metody diagnozowania nowotworu jelita cienkiego:

• endoskopia kapsułkowa – to nowoczesne badanie z zastosowaniem niewielkiej kapsułki, którą pacjent połyka; znajdująca się w jej wnętrzu kamera rejestruje stan przewodu pokarmowego, w tym jelita cienkiego;
• kontrast – chory po podaniu środka kontrastowego jest poddawany rentgenowi, dzięki któremu lekarz może ocenić stan układu pokarmowego;
• endoskop – niestety za pomocą tego narzędzia lekarz nie jest w stanie zobaczyć całego jelita cienkiego, które jest bardzo długie, jedynie jego część;
• tomografia komputerowa, USG jamy brzusznej – to skuteczne narzędzia do wykrywania guzów o dużych rozmiarach, te niewielkie mogą zostać niestety niezauważone.

Jak leczyć nowotwór jelita cienkiego?

Podstawową metodą terapii nowotworów jelita cienkiego jest leczenie chirurgiczne. Wiele zależy od stadia rozwoju choroby, wielkości guza, umiejscowienia oraz stanu zdrowia pacjenta. Zdarza się, że należy zastosować chemioterapię lub radioterapię.

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju nowotworów jelita cienkiego

Należą do nich:

• choroba trzewna (celiakia),
• zespoły polipowatości rodzinnej jelita grubego (zespół Peutza i Jeghersa oraz zespół Gardnera),
• choroba Leśniowskiego i Crohna,
• nadmierne spożycie tłuszczu i białka zwierzęcego i rafinowanych węglowodanów,
• otyłość,
• przebyta cholecystektomia (usunięcie pęcherzyka żółciowego),
• palenie tytoniu i spożywanie alkoholu.

Jak zadbać o jelita?

W tym celu należy:

• pić przynajmniej dwa litry wody dziennie,
• jeść kiszonki,
• dbać o niski poziom stresu (poprzez medytacje, dobry sen, jogę, terapię),
• spożywać produkty z błonnikiem,
• włączyć aktywność fizyczną.

oprac. Angelika Drygas

fot. envato elements

Źródło: mp.pl/pacjent, zwrotnikraka.pl

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Rak jelita cienkiego 

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Rak jelita cienkiego 

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Rokowania pacjentów, ze względu na zbyt późne wykrycie, nie są zbyt optymistyczne. Pięcioletnie przeżycie waha się od 25 do 40 procent. Najwięcej zachorowań występuje w Ameryce Północnej i Europie Zachodniej.

Funkcje jelita cienkiego

Jelito cienkie to najdłuższy element układu pokarmowego. Sama jego długość waha się od 4 do 6m. Jelito cienkie dzieli się na dwunastnicę, jelito czcze i jelito kręte. Pełni niezwykle istotną funkcję w organizmie, jak trawienie oraz wchłanianie składników odżywczych. Bierze udział w wytwarzaniu soku trawiennego

Złośliwe typy nowotworów jelita cienkiego:

• gruczołowy rak jelita cienkiego,
• rakowiak,
• chłoniak,
• mięsak.

Rak jelita cienkiego – objawy

Niestety, przez długi czas rak ten nie daje objawów, rozpoznawany jest często przypadkowo. Jeśli pojawią się symptomy, bywają niespecyficzne, co opóźnia prawidłową diagnozę. Są to: 

• bóle brzucha po spożyciu posiłku,
• napadowe bóle brzucha,
• jawne lub utajone krwawienia do przewodu pokarmowego,
• utrata wagi,
• guz w jamie brzusznej,
• nudności,
• wzdęcia,
• uczucie zmęczenia.

Metody diagnozowania nowotworu jelita cienkiego:

• endoskopia kapsułkowa – to nowoczesne badanie z zastosowaniem niewielkiej kapsułki, którą pacjent połyka; znajdująca się w jej wnętrzu kamera rejestruje stan przewodu pokarmowego, w tym jelita cienkiego;
• kontrast – chory po podaniu środka kontrastowego jest poddawany rentgenowi, dzięki któremu lekarz może ocenić stan układu pokarmowego;
• endoskop – niestety za pomocą tego narzędzia lekarz nie jest w stanie zobaczyć całego jelita cienkiego, które jest bardzo długie, jedynie jego część;
• tomografia komputerowa, USG jamy brzusznej – to skuteczne narzędzia do wykrywania guzów o dużych rozmiarach, te niewielkie mogą zostać niestety niezauważone.

Jak leczyć nowotwór jelita cienkiego?

Podstawową metodą terapii nowotworów jelita cienkiego jest leczenie chirurgiczne. Wiele zależy od stadia rozwoju choroby, wielkości guza, umiejscowienia oraz stanu zdrowia pacjenta. Zdarza się, że należy zastosować chemioterapię lub radioterapię.

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju nowotworów jelita cienkiego

Należą do nich:

• choroba trzewna (celiakia),
• zespoły polipowatości rodzinnej jelita grubego (zespół Peutza i Jeghersa oraz zespół Gardnera),
• choroba Leśniowskiego i Crohna,
• nadmierne spożycie tłuszczu i białka zwierzęcego i rafinowanych węglowodanów,
• otyłość,
• przebyta cholecystektomia (usunięcie pęcherzyka żółciowego),
• palenie tytoniu i spożywanie alkoholu.

Jak zadbać o jelita?

W tym celu należy:

• pić przynajmniej dwa litry wody dziennie,
• jeść kiszonki,
• dbać o niski poziom stresu (poprzez medytacje, dobry sen, jogę, terapię),
• spożywać produkty z błonnikiem,
• włączyć aktywność fizyczną.

oprac. Angelika Drygas

fot. envato elements

Źródło: mp.pl/pacjent, zwrotnikraka.pl

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